True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true
or false.
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1.
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When
choosing resources to solve technological problems, three important factors to consider are cost,
availability, and appropriateness.
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2.
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Today’s most precise timekeeper is the atomic clock.
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3.
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Wood
is an example of a nonrenewable raw material.
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4.
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The
original source for nearly all forms of energy on earth is coal.
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5.
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A
company’s location is a factor that affects costs of producing a product.
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6.
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Data
processing is the act of turning data into useful information.
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7.
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Most
systems are controllable over an infinite range of outputs.
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8.
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All
systems include an input, a process, and an output.
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9.
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Car
heat and exhaust are examples of desirable outputs.
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10.
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The
bimetallic strip in a home thermostat is an example of a sensor.
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11.
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To
change a closed-loop system into an open-loop system, one must add
feedback.
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12.
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A
system that has no way of monitoring itself is called an open-loop system.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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13.
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Which
of the following is a renewable energy resource? a. | solar
energy | b. | nuclear fission | c. | coal | d. | natural gas | | |
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14.
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Which
of the following is NOT a form of capital? a. | cash | b. | stock | c. | time | d. | machinery | | |
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15.
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Which
of the following materials is an example of a composite? a. | platinum | b. | iron ore | c. | plywood | d. | titanium | | |
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16.
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In
businesses such as the automotive industry, human workers sometimes are replaced
by ____________________. a. | natural resources | b. | capital
expenditures | c. | robots | d. | labor
costs | | |
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17.
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Plastics such as acrylic, nylon, and Teflon are all
____________________. a. | nonrenewable raw materials | b. | biodegradable
materials | c. | renewable raw materials | d. | synthetic
materials | | |
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18.
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Technology is the application of ____________________ to solve practical
problems. a. | capital | b. | knowledge | c. | tools | d. | time | | |
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19.
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In
your home stereo system, the power amplifier is an example of ____________________. a. | a
subsystem | b. | an input | c. | an
output | d. | a feedback device | | |
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20.
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Which
of the following is NOT an essential part of a feedback loop? a. | a
controller | b. | a processor | c. | a
comparator | d. | a sensor | | |
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21.
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Stepping on the gas of a car is an example of a system
____________________. a. | process | b. | output | c. | feedback loop | d. | input | | |
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22.
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An
automobile’s speedometer is an example of a ____________________. a. | transducer | b. | sensor | c. | controller | d. | comparator | | |
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23.
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Which
of the following is an example of a control mechanism in a nontechnological system? a. | a car’s
cruise control | b. | an air pollution regulation | c. | a handbrake on a
bicycle | d. | a volume control on a stereo | | |
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24.
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In an
open-loop system, the ____________________ changes when external conditions
change. a. | output | b. | input | c. | feedback | d. | comparator | | |
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Matching
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Match each term with the correct definition below. a. | consumers | g. | nanoseconds | b. | capital | h. | raw materials | c. | stock | i. | synthetic
materials | d. | dividends | j. | labor costs | e. | interest | k. | composite | f. | data | | | | |
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25.
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any
form of wealth
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26.
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natural resources that are used to make finished products
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27.
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those
who buy products or services
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28.
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partial ownership of a company
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29.
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materials made in factories, usually from chemicals
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30.
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billionths of a second
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31.
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workers’ salaries and other related expenses
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32.
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substance that combines several materials to improve their properties
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33.
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fee
charged for borrowing money
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34.
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payments by a company to its investors
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35.
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raw
facts and figures
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Match each term with the correct definition below. a. | system | f. | feedback | b. | input | g. | sensor | c. | process | h. | comparator | d. | output | i. | controller | e. | subsystem | j. | limits of
controllability | | | | |
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36.
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component that turns a process off or on or changes a system’s
process
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37.
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any
group of interrelated parts designed collectively to achieve a goal
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38.
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the
minimum and maximum outputs a system can produce
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39.
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the
product of a system
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40.
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the
action part of a system; combines resources and produces a result
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41.
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component of a system that compares the actual output with a desired
result
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42.
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component of a system that monitor’s the system’s output
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43.
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one
of several small systems that make up a more complex system
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44.
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the
command given to a system
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45.
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information about a system’s output that is used to adjust the
system
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